SS2 Note: Computer Memory I

Computer memory

The computer memory is the storage location where data, programs and information are stored.

The two types of memory are:

1. Primary storage/ main memory

2. Secondary storage/ Auxiliary memory

Primary storage (main memory)

The primary storage represents the core or Internal storage areas of the computer system. It is also where information and programs are stored for immediate processing by the CPU; for this reason, the main memory is also called immediate access storage (IAS).

the two types of primary storage are;

1. The Read Only Memory (ROM)

2. The Random Access Memory (RAM)

ROM

ROM is a non-volatile memory that retains data stored on it even after the computer is powered off. The data inside the ROM cannot be changed. The operating system boot record are stored inside the ROM.

There are 3 different variation of ROM, this includes:

PROM: Programmable ROM is a version of memory chip that can be programmed by the user. Once the PROM had been programmed, the information written is permanent and cannot be erased it deleted.

EPROM: stands for Erasable Programmable Read only Memory. It is a version of memory chip that can be erased and reprogrammed. It requires an ultraviolet light to erase it's contents.

EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory can be erased and reprogrammed using an electrical charge without the need of removing the chip from the computer system. EEPROM is used to store information for the computer BIOS.

RAM

The RAM is the part of the primary memory that holds the data and programs that the CPU is processing. The CPU reads and write into the RAM as often as required. They are volatile because the content is lost when the computer is powered off.

Secondary storage

The secondary storage or auxiliary storage is any storage devices that I'd used to store data, information and programs outside the primary memory. They are non-volatile and higher storage capacity. It is also referred to as backup storage.

Types of secondary storage

1. Floppy disk

2. Hard disk

3. Flash drive

4. Optical Disks. Compact Disk (CD) and Digital Video Disk (DVD).

Assignment.

Write short note on the following:

1. Floppy disk

2. Hard disk

3. Flash drive

4. Compact Disk (CD) 

5. Digital Video Disk (DVD).

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